3.5. Check of levels of liquids, control of leaks

Below procedures of check of levels of liquids, the produced each 1000 km of a run, monthly and before each distant trip are described. The description of other checks of levels of liquid can be found further in the Sections devoted to specific procedures of service. Irrespective of check intervals according to the schedule do not assume that liquid followed under the car, such leaks indicate malfunction which should be eliminated immediately.

Liquids are the integral component of lubrication systems, coolings, brake and systems of washing of a windshield. In view of a gradual consumption and/or pollution of liquids in the course of normal operation of the car, they should be replaced periodically. Study the Section "Types and Volumes of the Applied Lubricants and Liquids" in Specifications before starting a liquid dolivaniye in any of listed a component.

At any check of level of liquid the car has to stand on a plain surface.

Visual control of leaks

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Remove the top cover of the engine, address the Section Removal and installation of the top cover of the engine / the lower protection of a motive compartment / stretcher.
  2. Remove the lower cover of the engine, address the Section Removal and installation of the top cover of the engine / the lower protection of a motive compartment / stretcher.
  3. Visually check the following pipelines, hoses and accessions for existence of leakage, attritions, cracks and damages:
    • Fuel-supply lines;
    • Hoses of the cooling system and heating;
    • Brake pipelines and hoses;
    • Hydraulic lines of the power steering;
    • Lines of the conditioner.

Motive oil

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. At the greasy engine and a big consumption of oil check places of leaks. The following places are for this purpose checked:
    • Open a cover of a jellied mouth and check laying for existence of cracks or damages.
    • Ventilation of a case: For example, a ventilating hose from a cover of a head of cylinders to an air absorption hose.
    • Laying of a cover of a head of cylinders.
    • Laying of a head of cylinders.
    • Stopper of removal of oil (round ring).
    • Laying of an oil filter: a filter prileganiye to a flange.
    • Laying of the pallet of a case.
    • Forward and back epiploons of a bent shaft.
  2. As with leakage oil spreads on the big surface of the engine, at once it is complex to define places of leaks. For detection of leaks act as follows:
  3. Wash out the engine as follows: close the generator a plastic package. Spray the engine a usual cold cleaner and through short time wash out water on car wash.
  4. Places of interface and epiploons on the engine strew outside with lime or talc.
  5. Check oil level, if necessary add.
  6. Make a trial trip. As oil in the hot engine reduces the viscosity and quicker acts in places of leaks, it is necessary to execute a trial trip on distance about 30 km on the high-speed route.
  7. In conclusion investigate the engine by means of a lamp and localize places of leaks, having eliminated malfunctions.

Check of level of oil probe

Check of level of oil is the important preventive procedure. Continuous falling of level of oil indicates or existence of its leaks through the damaged epiploons or the weakened connections, or its burning out (internal leaks through worn-out piston rings or via the directing plugs of valves). Besides, it is necessary to pay attention and to a condition of the oil. If oil has dairy color or in its structure it is possible to notice water drops, it indicates possible violation of tightness of laying of a head of cylinders or existence of a crack in a head or the block of cylinders. In this case the engine should be repaired immediately. Run every time at measurement of level of oil before rubbing of an edge of the probe over it big and index hand fingers. If at the same time the particles of dirt or metal particles which stuck to the probe are found, oil should be replaced (address the Section Replacement of Motive Oil and Oil Filter).

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Pass on the car to warm up the engine, and stop the car on the flat platform.
  1. After a stop of the engine wait not less than 3 min. that oil flew down in the pallet.
  1. Take out the index of level of oil of the engine and wipe it with a pure rag.
  1. Then insert the index into an opening against the stop and again take out it.
  1. Level of oil is normal if lies in the range (In). If the level of oil lies in the range (C), oil needs to be added to range level (In). On an accompanying illustration different options of execution of indexes of level are shown. If oil is in range (A), it is not necessary to add it.

Surplus of oil (it is higher than the range And) needs to be sucked away since otherwise laying or epiploons of the engine and the catalytic converter can be damaged.

  1. At the raised loads of the engine, for example, at long movement along the highway in the summer, towage of the trailer or the movement the level of oil has to lie in the mountain area in the top part of range (In).
  2. Filling of system with oil is made through a stopper of a cover of a head of cylinders. Apply the required oil grade, do not use additive, address the section Engine Lubrication System.

Consumption of motive oil

Max. 0.8 l / 1000 km, depending on style of driving.

The oil consumption can be defined by the engine only after passing of a long distance. In the period of a running in it can exceed the given value. The frequent movement with high turns of the engine leads to increase in a consumption of oil.

Cooling liquid of the engine

Do not allow hit of antifreeze on your skin or on the painted surfaces of the car. If all this occurred, immediately wash away antifreeze a plentiful amount of water. Antifreeze is extremely toxic in a case hit in an organism. Never leave it unguarded in an open container or spilled on a floor; children or animals its sweet smell can attract and they can drink it.

All cars considered in this manual are equipped with the cooling system with the excessive pressure of compensation type. The white plastic broad tank is located in a motive compartment and connected by a hose to a radiator. In process of an engine warming up in the course of its work the extending liquid fills a tank. When cooling the engine liquid automatically comes back to the cooling system that provides maintenance of constant level.

Check of level of liquid in the tank has to be made regularly, at strictly horizontal position of the car and the switched-off engine.

Level of cooling liquid at the cold engine (temperature about + 20 °C) has to be between the marks MAX and MIN in a broad tank. At the warm engine the level of liquid can be slightly higher than the mark MAX.

Do not uncover a jellied mouth of a broad tank or a radiator cover for check of level of liquid before full cooling of the engine!

Banish the car and again measure liquid level. If to the necessary level it is required to add only a small amount, then it is possible to use clear water. However frequent additions of water will dilute antifreeze. To provide a normal ratio (40%/60%) of antifreeze and water, always add to the necessary level the required mix of the antifreeze specified in Specifications on the basis of ethylene glycol and water.

Fill in the large volume of cold cooling liquid only at the cold engine to avoid damages of the engine.

If the level of liquid falls regularly, then in system leak existence is possible. Examine a radiator, hoses, a cover of a jellied mouth, drain traffic jams and the water pump (address the Section Check of a State and Replacement of Hoses of a Motive Compartment, localization of leaks). If leaks are not revealed, make check of tightness of a cover of a broad tank and a radiator in conditions HUNDRED.

If you need to uncover, wait until the engine completely cools down, then wrap up a piece of thick rags around a cover and turn off it to the first emphasis. If at the same time from under a cover steam or liquid begins to escape, let's the engine cool down a little more, and only then uncover.

It is necessary to check a condition of liquid also. It has to be rather pure. If liquid has brown or rusty color, it is necessary to merge, wash out it system and to fill it with new mix. Even if liquid looks normally, the corrosion inhibitors which are its part lose over time the efficiency therefore it should be replaced through certain periods.

For check of frost resistance of cooling liquid it is necessary to use the areometer (address an illustration and Specifications).

Brake fluid

Brake fluid can do harm to your eyes and damage the painted surfaces of the car therefore be extremely careful at the treatment of her. Do not use brake fluid which long time stood open, or which there are more than one year. Brake fluid has property to absorb moisture from air that can lead to dangerous loss of efficiency of the brake system. Use only the recommended type of brake fluid. Mixing of various types of liquid can lead to failure of the brake system.

The tank of brake fluid is behind at the left in a motive compartment. It has two cameras, everyone for the brake contour.

Level of brake fluid is checked visually, on tags on the plastic tank installed on the main cylinder. At the closed cover the level of brake fluid has to be between the marks MAX and Min.Esli level is lower admissible, at first wipe top of the tank and a cover with pure rags to prevent hit of dirt in system after removal of a cover. Add to the necessary level the recommended liquid, but do not pour.

Until the tank is uncovered, check liquid and the tank of the main cylinder for existence of pollution. If at it there are particles of a rust, dirt or a drop of water, liquid from system should be merged and filled in new.

After addition of the tank to the necessary level make sure that the cover is established exactly, in order to avoid leak of liquid and/or hit of dirt.

Liquid level in the main cylinder will fall slightly as a result of wear of frictional overlays of brake shoes. There is no need to add it until level remains near a tag of "MIN"; it will rise after replacement of slips. Very low level can indicate wear of brake shoes. Check them for wear existence (address the Section of Check of the brake system. Adjustment of the parking brake).

If the level of brake fluid constantly falls, immediately check all system for existence of leaks. Survey brake lines, hoses and nipple connections, together with supports, wheel cylinders and the main cylinder (address Sections of Check of the brake system. Adjustment of the parking brake, Check of a state and replacement of hoses of a motive compartment, localization of leaks).

If when checking level of liquid the tank is empty or almost empty, the brake system has to be checked for existence of leaks and is pumped over (address the Head the Brake system).

GUR liquid

The tank of hydraulic system of the amplifier of steering is in a back part of a motive compartment. Address the Section Check of Level of Liquid of System of Hydrostrengthening of a Wheel.

Windshield washer liquid

Easily we ignite a concentrate of steklomoyushchy means.

At the address with a concentrate of steklomoyushchy means use of fire opened a flame and smoking are forbidden.

Open a cover and check visually liquid level.

If necessary add mix from a concentrate for a sink of glasses and drinking water.

Capacity of the tank is specified in Specifications.

In areas with a temperate climate the system can be filled with usual water, but it is recommended to add to water means for washing of glasses. The tank has to be filled no more, than on two thirds that there was a free space on a case of expansion of water when freezing. In areas with cold climatic conditions it is necessary to use the special antifreeze for washing of a windshield reducing a liquid freezing point which can be got in any shop of automobile accessories. Usually it is on sale in the concentrated or ready look. If you bought the concentrated antifreeze, mix it with water according to the instruction of the producer on packing.

For models with the warmed jets, as a rule, sufficient frost resistance of mix to -10 °C.

Do not use cooling system antifreeze - it will damage the painted surfaces of the car.

Check adjustment of jets, address the Section Removal and installation of a jet of windscreen washer of a windshield.