11. Brake system
The brake system consists of the main brake cylinder, the amplifier of a brake and disk brake mechanisms of forward and back wheels. The hydraulic brake system has two contours operating diagonalno. One contour influences on forward right/back left tormoza, the second contour works on forward left/back right tormoza. At refusal of one of contours, for example, owing to liquid leak braking of the car is carried out by other contour. Liquid pressure in both contours is created by the doubled main brake cylinder operating from a brake pedal.The tank with brake fluid is in a motive compartment, over the main brake cylinder. It supplies with brake fluid all system.
The amplifier of a brake at the petrol engine accumulates a part of the vacuum created in the soaked-up engine pipeline. When pressing a pedal of a brake the effort to it decreases owing to the strengthening effect of vacuum. As the diesel engine has no necessary vacuum on absorption, models with the diesel engine have the special vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is installed ahead on a head of cylinders and is set in motion from the camshaft.
The car has as ahead, so behind disk brakes with a floating bracket of a support. At such design one piston provides pressing of both brake shoes to a brake disk.
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At movement along wet roads it is necessary to press periodically a brake pedal for drying of disk brakes. Owing to the centrifugal force arising in the course of the movement of the car, water is dumped from disks. However there is a thin film of products of wear of rubber, lubricant and the pollution interfering effective operation of brakes. |
Dirt and water on a surface of brake shoes lead to formation of furrows on a surface of brake disks that reduces efficiency of braking.
When cleaning the brake system dust which can do harm to health of the person therefore it is impossible to inhale brake dust is emitted.
ABS/amplifier of emergency brake application / EBV/EDS
Works with electronically controlled elements of the brake system and system of the movement are allowed to be made only to the experts having the corresponding preparation.
ABS: The anti-blocking system interferes with blocking of wheels at sharp braking of the car. It promotes controllability preservation by the car in the course of braking and increases traffic safety.
Amplifier of emergency brake application: The electronic system of the amplifier on the basis of the speed of movement of a pedal of a brake and pressure upon a pedal distinguishes an emergency. In such situation the amplifier automatically during milliseconds increases the brake pressure set by the driver to border of blocking of wheels.
EBV: The system of electronic distribution of brake effort by means of ABS hydraulics distributes brake effort between forward and back wheels. As the electronic EBV system works significantly more sensitively, than the regulator of brake effort operating mechanically, the bigger range of regulation is used significantly.
At the movement on a straight line back brakes participate at full capacity in braking process. To provide stability of the car as well when braking on turns, it is necessary to reduce participation in process of braking of back brakes. Via ABS speed sensors the EBV system obtains information whether the car directly moves or does turn. At turn implementation braking by back brake mechanisms decreases. Thanks to it back wheels can keep the maximum side coupling with the road.
EDS: The electronic blocked differential, at start-off from the place brakes the turned wheels. Thanks to it the torque is redistributed on the "pulling" wheels.
The electronic blocking differential works at start-off from the place and is switched off automatically at achievement of the speed of 40 km/h. Advantages of this system are lack of negative influence on road performance and preservation of comfort of management at start-off of the car from the place.
Instructions on the ABS/EBV/EDV systems
The scheme of safety in an electronic control unit watches that the system with any defect (for example, break of a cable) or at too low working voltage (tension of the rechargeable battery lower than 10 V) was disconnected. It is displayed on the dashboard by fire of control lamps. The usual system of braking remains at the same time efficient. The car when braking behaves as if ABS is absent.
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If during the movement control lamps of ABS and the brake system burn, then at strong braking back wheels since distribution of brake effort failed are blocked. |
If during the movement the control lamp of ABS lights up:
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PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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