12.5. Steering and safety cushions
Elements of a hydraulic system of the steering mechanism. 4-cylinder engine and 6-cylinder diesel engineSteering column
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Steering consists of a steering wheel, a steering column, the steering mechanism in the form of gear and rack transfer and drafts of the steering drive. The steering column transfers the movements of a steering wheel to the steering mechanism. The gear lath of the steering mechanism according to turn of a steering wheel moves to the right or to the left. Steering drafts transmit steering efforts to forward wheels through hinges and a rotary fist.
Gear and rack transfer of the steering mechanism - bezzazorny and not demanding service. Within carrying out maintenance only control of protective covers and boots of tips of steering drafts is required.
The hydraulic booster providing decrease in the effort made for a steering wheel has steering of the car. The hydraulic booster contains a hydraulic pump and the tank of working liquid. The hydraulic pump sucks in liquid from the tank and gives it under high pressure to the operating valve in the steering mechanism. The operating valve has mechanical communication with a steering spindle and directs liquid, depending on turn of a steering wheel, to the corresponding cavity of the working cylinder in the case of the steering mechanism. Here liquid influences the piston and, thus, supports management process. At the same time the piston squeezes out liquid from an opposite cavity of the working cylinder via the returnable pipeline in the liquid tank.
Production of welding and leveling works with elements of steering is not allowed. The self-stopped bolts and nuts, and also bolts and nuts having corrosion have to be replaced with new.
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The moments of an inhaling of threaded connections have to be maintained surely. |
In a steering wheel the safety cushion of the driver is located. The safety cushion represents the developing air bag which is filled with air at head-on collision of the car and thus protects the top part of a trunk and the driver's head. At head-on collision of the corresponding force the control unit sends a signal to a safety cushion fuse. As a result of explosion gas which inflates a pillow during several milliseconds is formed. This time is enough to damp movement of the top part of a trunk of the driver moving forward. Then within several seconds the safety cushion develops again since gases come out a pillow through the available openings.
The safety cushion consists of the sensor of collision, a fuse, the control unit of a safety cushion and the pillow. The signal on inflation of a safety cushion is developed by the control unit.
The car is equipped with a safety cushion of the driver and forward passenger, and also side safety cushions, safety cushions around the head and natyazhitel of seat belts. The locations of safety cushions are, as a rule, designated by the inscriptions "SRS Airbag".
The children's seat focused against the movement of the car excepting a special children's seat in combination with the device of automatic recognition of a children's seat is not allowed to have on a seat of the forward passenger.
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For reasons of safety any works with the parts belonging to system of a safety cushion and natyazhitel of a seat belt are not allowed to carry out. |
Before work with security systems
PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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General measures of safety
Never install components of an airbag of other car or other steering wheel. When replacing establish only new details.
Even after insignificant accident which did not lead to operation of a safety cushion hand over system of a safety cushion and a natyazhitel of a belt on check on HUNDRED.
After operation of a safety cushion in a steering wheel surely replace a steering wheel, at operation of a side safety cushion replace a cover in facing of a door, at operation of a safety cushion of the forward passenger replace the dashboard.
The control unit of a safety cushion needs to be replaced surely after triple operation.
The safety cushion is allowed to be checked only for HUNDRED. It is impossible to apply to check of a pillow a control lamp, the voltmeter or an ohmmeter at all.
The safety cushion elements which fell from height more than 0.5 m need to be replaced surely.
It is necessary to protect safety cushion elements from impact of a heat or fire. Do not subject safety cushion elements to influence of temperature above + 100 °C.
Protect a safety cushion from contact with water, lubricant or oil. At hit of water, lubricant or oil immediately wipe a pillow.
After removal of a safety cushion you store it so that the soft party specified upward. At the return storage there is a danger of emission up at casual ignition of the generator of gas. Thereby there is a danger of traumatizing.
If in work the break becomes, it is impossible to leave a safety cushion unguarded.
It is not allowed to disassemble the safety cushion block. With malfunction it will be replaced completely. As the pillow contains explosive, it is necessary to store reliably it under supervision.
Before utilization of the car it is necessary to utilize safety cushion components.
When carrying out any works on the car with application of electric welding it is previously necessary to disunite the safety cushion control unit socket at the switched-off rechargeable battery.